Clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with gastric precancerous lesions and HP infection and their relationship with SEMA5A gene polymorphism

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with gastric precancerous lesions and Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, and to analyze the relationship between HP infection and SEMA5A gene polymorphism. Methods: A total of 70 patients with gastric precancerous lesions admitted to our hospital from January 2024 to January 2025 were randomly selected as the research subjects. According to their HP infection status, HP-infected patients were included in the infection group. Patients without HP infection were included in the non-infection group. The clinical and pathological characteristics of the two groups were compared. Whole blood specimens of all patients were collected and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was used to detect SEMA5A genotypes, and the relationship between HP infection and SEMA5A genotype distribution in patients with gastric precancerous lesions was analyzed. Results: The proportion of lesion sites between the two groups was significantly different (P<0.05). Among them, the proportion of gastric antrum and gastric angle in the infection group was high, while the proportion of cardia and gastric body in the non-infection group was high. The proportion of ulcers in the infection group was higher than that in the non-infection group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in age, gender, and color ratio between the two groups (P>0.05). The SEMA5A genotype distribution between the two groups was significantly different (P<0.05). The SEMA5A gene in the infected group was mainly TT genotype, accounting for 53.33%, which was higher than that in the uninfected group. Conclusion: The lesions of patients with gastric precancerous lesions and HP infection are mostly distributed in the gastric antrum and gastric angle, and the mucosal surface is often accompanied by ulcers. HP infection in patients with gastric precancerous lesions is closely related to SEMA5A gene polymorphism.